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Alternatives to purify salt water: the wind desalination

As is known, the desalination of seawater is one of the most viable alternatives for our future. However, this process presents considerable ...

Story - antoq - 01/29/2010 - 06:46 - 0 comments - 0 attachments

Synthetic Detergents

Soaps, detergents, emulsions, moisture and penetrating agents are active agents of modern surface. Detergents are a complex mixture of many substances that increase the cleaning effect of water on solid objects. Detergents vary in their composition, depending on the desired cleaning effect. Detergents are used for bathing, laundry, cleaning of hard surfaces and specialized industrial cleaning. The various types of detergents contain ingredients such as surfactants that decrease surface tension of water. Another type of ingredient used in this production include reinforcing agents, inorganic salts or alkali that enhance the cleaning effect of the surfactants. Detergents also contain auxiliary agents that increase the performance characteristics of materials.

The composition of improved detergents is increasing due to the conditions of their environment. Some synthetic detergents cause water pollution because their surface active agents do not destroy the bacteria in the soil or plants in wastewater treatment. Have been developed and standardized tests to establish the requirement of many biodegradable detergents.


Soaps, detergents, emulsions, moisture and penetrating agents are active agents of modern surface. Detergents are a complex mixture of many substances that increase the cleaning effect of water on solid objects. Detergents vary in their composition, depending on the desired cleaning effect. Detergents are used for bathing, laundry, cleaning of hard surfaces and specialized industrial cleaning. The various types of detergents contain ingredients such as surfactants that decrease surface tension of water. Another type of ingredient used in this production include reinforcing agents, inorganic salts or alkali that enhance the cleaning effect of the surfactants. Detergents also contain auxiliary agents that increase the performance characteristics of materials.

The composition of improved detergents is increasing due to the conditions of their environment. Some synthetic detergents cause water pollution because their surface active agents do not destroy the bacteria in the soil or plants in wastewater treatment. Have been developed and standardized tests to establish the requirement of many biodegradable detergents.

Petrochemical Engineering: Assisted Recovery of Oil

Introduction
Assisted recovery is generally regarded as the third or last stage of the sequence processing of oil, in some cases it is regarded as a tertiary production. The first step or stage of processing the oil begins with the discovery of the site, using the same resources that nature provides to facilitate the extraction and output of crude to the surface (generally uses the expansion of the volatile components and / or The pumping or pumping forced to remove it to the surface.

When there is a considerable decrease in energy production declines and enters the secondary stage where extra power is delivered to the reservoir by water injection. When the water injection becomes effective evaluation among a small extraction of oil and a high cost of operation, is considered the treatment of most of the well. It begins here or tertiary treatment assisted recovery of oil well. The well is in the final stage of its history and therefore begins to deliver the same thermal and chemical energy in order to take advantage of and restore full production. Currently the development of the technique allows recovery of this method at any time in the history of the well useful, if it is a clear need to stimulate production.


Introduction
Assisted recovery is generally regarded as the third or last stage of the sequence processing of oil, in some cases it is regarded as a tertiary production. The first step or stage of processing the oil begins with the discovery of the site, using the same resources that nature provides to facilitate the extraction and output of crude to the surface (generally uses the expansion of the volatile components and / or The pumping or pumping forced to remove it to the surface.

When there is a considerable decrease in energy production declines and enters the secondary stage where extra power is delivered to the reservoir by water injection. When the water injection becomes effective evaluation among a small extraction of oil and a high cost of operation, is considered the treatment of most of the well. It begins here or tertiary treatment assisted recovery of oil well. The well is in the final stage of its history and therefore begins to deliver the same thermal and chemical energy in order to take advantage of and restore full production. Currently the development of the technique allows recovery of this method at any time in the history of the well useful, if it is a clear need to stimulate production.

Ebook Studies on hot gas H2S removal sorbents in fixed-bed reactors at high temperatures

Experimental and theoretical studies in the field of fuel gas desulfurization at high temperatures are presented. The performance of different oxides as sorbents for high temperature H2S removal is evaluated. A fixed-bed microreactor was used for this purpose. Basically, streams containing different H2S concentrations were passed through the reactor and the outlet H2S concentration was measured as a function of time. Comparisons between observed and theoretical maximum conversion values are used as a measure of sorbent H2S removal efficiencies.


Experimental and theoretical studies in the field of fuel gas desulfurization at high temperatures are presented. The performance of different oxides as sorbents for high temperature H2S removal is evaluated. A fixed-bed microreactor was used for this purpose. Basically, streams containing different H2S concentrations were passed through the reactor and the outlet H2S concentration was measured as a function of time. Comparisons between observed and theoretical maximum conversion values are used as a measure of sorbent H2S removal efficiencies.

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