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a. Caustic treatment .- In this stage the naphthenic acid is chemically trapped in the form of sodium naphthenates using a caustic soda solution in the treatment of kerosene from the primary distillation unit. Experience has shown that sodas should be used 3-5 ° Be at this stage, because high concentration solutions have the disadvantage of promoting the solubility of oil in the sodium naphthenate with a consequent decline in their quality and high losses oil.

b. Regeneration of naphthenic acids from Spent Soda .- This second step is to acidify the solution of spent sulfuric acid soda and collect the top (naphthenic) after separation into two phases. Before acidification is required to remove the oil washed with soda worn to reduce its content in the recovered naphthenic. During the stage of acidification of the spent soda aqueous solution agitation is required, which is done using air.

a. Caustic treatment .- In this stage the naphthenic acid is chemically trapped in the form of sodium naphthenates using a caustic soda solution in the treatment of kerosene from the primary distillation unit. Experience has shown that sodas should be used 3-5 ° Be at this stage, because high concentration solutions have the disadvantage of promoting the solubility of oil in the sodium naphthenate with a consequent decline in their quality and high losses oil.

b. Regeneration of naphthenic acids from Spent Soda .- This second step is to acidify the solution of spent sulfuric acid soda and collect the top (naphthenic) after separation into two phases. Before acidification is required to remove the oil washed with soda worn to reduce its content in the recovered naphthenic. During the stage of acidification of the spent soda aqueous solution agitation is required, which is done using air.

With the presence of 200 participants in the First National Congress of Chemical Engineering Students, on Wednesday during a day full of important conferences and the presence of renowned experts in the areas of Energy, Environment and Technology. Mr. Andrés de la Rosa, Central University of Ecuador, presented the conference: "Studies of air quality in several cities of Ecuador."

With the presence of 200 participants in the First National Congress of Chemical Engineering Students, on Wednesday during a day full of important conferences and the presence of renowned experts in the areas of Energy, Environment and Technology. Mr. Andrés de la Rosa, Central University of Ecuador, presented the conference: "Studies of air quality in several cities of Ecuador."

With the presence of 200 participants in the First National Congress of Chemical Engineering Students, on Wednesday during a day full of important conferences and the presence of renowned experts in the areas of Energy, Environment and Technology. Mr. Andrés de la Rosa, Central University of Ecuador, presented the conference: "Studies of air quality in several cities of Ecuador."

With the presence of 200 participants in the First National Congress of Chemical Engineering Students, on Wednesday during a day full of important conferences and the presence of renowned experts in the areas of Energy, Environment and Technology. Mr. Andrés de la Rosa, Central University of Ecuador, presented the conference: "Studies of air quality in several cities of Ecuador."

A study by the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) provides new data on the activation of T lymphocytes, a type of white blood cells whose function is crucial for starting the body's immune response against pathogens. The investigation, which is published in the journal Nature Inmunology, reveals a new function of the immunological synapse in this activation process and confirms its importance in the articulation of the immune response.

The activation of T lymphocytes occurs in lymph nodes, regions throughout the human body, which is similar to the meeting points at airports or stations. They bet on other immune system cells of the human body, such as dendritic cells, which have previously engulfed microorganisms in the infection zone, then migrate to the lymph nodes and present antigens to T lymphocytes Through the lymph nodes, T lymphocytes continuously pass feel that dendritic cells to membrane receptors that recognize a TCR specific antigen, which comes from the area of infection, and is exposed on the dendritic cell. When this happens, the cell stops and form immunological synapse with a dendritic cell. This is a complex subcellular structure, formed in the area of interaction between T cells and dendritic cells, which keeps the two cells produced during cell activation. When it happens, the T cells proliferate and leave nodes to participate in the immune response.

A study by the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) provides new data on the activation of T lymphocytes, a type of white blood cells whose function is crucial for starting the body's immune response against pathogens. The investigation, which is published in the journal Nature Inmunology, reveals a new function of the immunological synapse in this activation process and confirms its importance in the articulation of the immune response.

The activation of T lymphocytes occurs in lymph nodes, regions throughout the human body, which is similar to the meeting points at airports or stations. They bet on other immune system cells of the human body, such as dendritic cells, which have previously engulfed microorganisms in the infection zone, then migrate to the lymph nodes and present antigens to T lymphocytes Through the lymph nodes, T lymphocytes continuously pass feel that dendritic cells to membrane receptors that recognize a TCR specific antigen, which comes from the area of infection, and is exposed on the dendritic cell. When this happens, the cell stops and form immunological synapse with a dendritic cell. This is a complex subcellular structure, formed in the area of interaction between T cells and dendritic cells, which keeps the two cells produced during cell activation. When it happens, the T cells proliferate and leave nodes to participate in the immune response.